Reverse Engineering Checklist

Initial Setup

• Set up a safe and controlled environment for analysis (preferably a virtual machine).

• Install necessary tools such as disassemblers (IDA Pro, Ghidra), debuggers (GDB, x64dbg), and hex editors.

File Analysis:

• Check the file type (e.g., file command in Linux).

• Scan for viruses or malicious content using tools like VirusTotal.

• Determine if the file is packed or obfuscated, and unpack if necessary.

Static Analysis:

• Open the file in a disassembler and analyze the assembly code.

• Look for interesting strings, function calls, and control flow.

• Identify the entry point and trace the execution flow.

• Document any cryptographic algorithms, compression routines, or custom protocols.

Dynamic Analysis:

• Run the program in a debugger.

• Set breakpoints at key locations identified during static analysis.

• Monitor the program's behavior, including function calls, variable values, and memory access.

• Modify program execution to understand how different parts of the code behave.

Cryptanalysis (if applicable):

• Identify and analyze cryptographic functions.

• Look for weak cryptographic practices (hardcoded keys, weak algorithms).

• Attempt to decrypt or bypass cryptographic mechanisms if they are part of the challenge.

Automation and Scripting:

• Write scripts to automate repetitive tasks or to brute-force solutions.

• Use existing tools or frameworks to assist in analysis (e.g., Python scripts with pwntools or angr).

Network Analysis (if applicable):

• If the challenge involves network communication, capture and analyze network traffic (e.g., with Wireshark).

• Reverse engineer any custom network protocols or data transmission formats.

Solution Development:

• Based on your analysis, develop a solution to the challenge.

• This might involve creating a keygen, patching the binary, or extracting hidden information.

Documentation:

• Document your findings, methods, and thought process.

• Prepare a write-up or report if required by the CTF.

Cleanup:

• Clean up your environment after the challenge to ensure no residual or potentially harmful files are left behind.